Complete worst-case execution time analysis of straight-line hard real-time programs

被引:52
作者
Stappert, F [1 ]
Altenbernd, P [1 ]
机构
[1] CLAB, D-33095 Paderborn, Germany
关键词
worst-case execution time; cache memory; pipelined execution; hard real-time; longest executable;
D O I
10.1016/S1383-7621(99)00010-7
中图分类号
TP3 [计算技术、计算机技术];
学科分类号
0812 ;
摘要
In this article, the problem of finding a tight estimate on the worst-case execution time (WCET) of a hard real-time program is addressed. The analysis is focused on straight-line code (without loops and recursive function calls) which is quite commonly found in synthesised code for embedded systems. A comprehensive timing analysis system covering both low-level (assembler instruction level) as well as high-level aspects (programming language level) is presented. The low-level analysis covers all speed-up mechanisms used for modern superscalar processors: pipelining, instruction-level parallelism and caching. The high-level analysis uses the results from the low-level to compute the final estimate on the WCET. This is done by a heuristic for searching the longest really executable path in the control flow, based on the functional dependencies between various program parts. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:339 / 355
页数:17
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