Retrospective analysis of risk factors in young patients with coronary artery disease in Guangdong and Zhejiang, China

Objectives - The objective of this study is to investigate the clustering status of risk factors for young patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and analyse the relationship between risk factors and CAD. Methods - 168 patients with CAD aged under 45 years, 170 age-matched non-CAD individuals (angiographically normal) and 170 patients with CAD aged over 45 years were set as CAD group, control group and reference group, respectively. Plasma levels of lipids, C-reactive protein (CRP), traditional risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes, obesity, smoking) were evaluated. Results - The following results were obtainted: (1) there was a significant difference in gender, proportion of smoking, TC and TG between the CAD group and the control group, and also in gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, BMI and blood lipids between the CAD group and the reference group (P < 0.05); (2) there was a significant difference in levels of TG,TC, HDL-C, LDL-C and BMI (P < 0.05), but no remarkable difference in ApoB/ApoA1 and CRP between the CAD group and the reference group (P > 0.05). There were significant differences in TG,ApoB/ApoA1 and CRP (P < 0.05), but no remarkable difference in other factors between the CAD group and the control group (P > 0.05); (3) logistic regression showed a close relationship between CAD and smoking (OR = 2.5,95% Cl: 1.43 similar to 3.98), CRP (OR = 2.71,95% Cl: 1.46 similar to 5.88), TG (OR = 1.58, 95% Cl: 1.25 similar to 2.75) and ApoB/ApoA1 (OR = 1.93, 95% Cl: 1.14 similar to 3.13). Conclusions - Smoking, CRP, ApoB/ApoA1 ratio and TG are independent risk factors for young patients with CAD.