Component Change of Nano- and Microsized Urine Crystallites in the Patients of Calcium Oxalate, Calcium Phosphate and Uric Acid Calculi

[Purpose] To study the component change of urine crystallites with different sizes in the urines of 30 cases of calcium oxalate (CaOx), calcium phosphate (CaP), and uric acid (UA) calculi patients. [Methods] X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were performed. [Results] The main components of urine crystallites were calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), UA and CaP in patients with CaOx calculi, and were CaP and UA in patients with CaP calculi, and were ammonium urate, UA, COM and calcium oxalate monohydrate (COD) in patients with UA calculi. The number of large micron-scale urine crystallites in the healthy subjects was significantly lower than that of the patients. The nanoscale urine crystallites were mainly UA, and the micron-level urine crystallites contained both UA and COM, and in some cases, the components of nanoscale urinary crystallites were basically the same as micron-level urine crystallites. [Conclusion] The increase of larger-sized COM crystals in patient's urine was crucial factor affecting the formation of uroliths.