The psychotomimetic effects of intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in healthy individuals: Implications for psychosis

被引:730
作者
D'Souza, DC
Perry, E
MacDougall, L
Ammerman, Y
Cooper, T
Wu, YT
Braley, G
Gueorguieva, R
Krystal, JH
机构
[1] VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Psychiat Serv 116A, Schizophrenia Biol Res Ctr, West Haven, CT 06516 USA
[2] Connecticut Mental Hlth Ctr, Abraham Ribicoff Res Facil, New Haven, CT 06519 USA
[3] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New Haven, CT USA
[4] Yale Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, New Haven, CT 06520 USA
[5] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA
[6] Nathan S Kline Inst Psychiat Res, Orangeburg, NY USA
关键词
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol; cannabinoids; psychosis; cognition; schizophrenia; cannabis;
D O I
10.1038/sj.npp.1300496
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Recent advances in the understanding of brain cannabinoid receptor function have renewed interest in the association between cannabinoid compounds and psychosis. In a 3-day, double-blind, randomized, and counterbalanced study, the behavioral, cognitive, and endocrine effects of 0, 2.5, and 5 mg intravenous delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta-9-THC) were characterized in 22 healthy individuals, who had been exposed to cannabis but had never been diagnosed with a cannabis abuse disorder. Prospective safety data at 1, 3, and 6 months poststudy was also collected. Delta-9-THC (1) produced schizophrenia-like positive and negative symptoms; (2) altered perception; (3) increased anxiety; (4) produced euphoria; (5) disrupted immediate and delayed word recall, sparing recognition recall; (6) impaired performance on tests of distractibility, verbal fluency, and working memory (7) did not impair orientation; (8) increased plasma cortisol. These data indicate that Delta-9-THC produces a broad range of transient symptoms, behaviors, and cognitive deficits in healthy individuals that resemble some aspects of endogenous psychoses. These data warrant further study of whether brain cannabinoid receptor function contributes to the pathophysiology of psychotic disorders.
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页码:1558 / 1572
页数:15
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