(C3H5N2)(2)[Cd(C3H4N2)(2)Nb2O3F8]center dot 2H(2)O (C3H4N2=imidazole) (1) was prepared from the hydrothermal reaction of Nb2O5, 3CdSO(4)center dot 8H(2)O, C3H4N2, HF and H2O at 403 K, and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction and IR spectra. 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group Pba2, with a=11.0192(9), b=16.8012(14), c=6.8717(6) angstrom, and Z=2. The crystal is made up of [Cd(C3H4N2)(2)Nb2O3F8](2-) anions, [C3H5N2](+) complex cations and H2O molecules of crystallization. And the backbone of the compound is a one dimension coordination polymeric chain containing the anions. The complex cations and anions are linked through hydrogen bonding interactions. Co-crystallized water molecules fill in the pores and hydrogen bond to the host. Bond valence sums show that O1, O3 and F3 have much more negative charge, which are in agreement with the crystal structure that they act as bridging atoms.