The Psychological Organization of "Uncertainty" Responses and "Middle" Responses: A Dissociation in Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus apella)

被引:61
作者
Beran, Michael J. [1 ]
Smith, J. David [2 ,3 ]
Coutinho, Mariana V. C. [2 ]
Couchman, Justin J. [2 ]
Boomer, Joseph [2 ]
机构
[1] Georgia State Univ, Language Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA
[2] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Psychol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
[3] SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Cognit Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA
来源
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-ANIMAL BEHAVIORAL PROCESSES | 2009年 / 35卷 / 03期
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
uncertainty monitoring; metacognition; primate cognition; comparative cognition; capuchin monkeys; MACACA-MULATTA; RETRIEVAL FLUENCY; META-COGNITION; JUDGMENTS; DISCRIMINATION; METAMEMORY; ATTITUDE; MEMORY; REPRESENTATION; METACOGNITION;
D O I
10.1037/a0014626
中图分类号
学科分类号
摘要
Some studies of nonhuman animals' metacognitive capacity encourage competing low-level, behavioral descriptions of trial-decline responses by animals in uncertainty-monitoring tasks. To evaluate the force of these behavioral descriptions, the authors presented 6 capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) with 2 density discrimination tasks between sparse and dense stimuli. In one task, difficult trials with stimuli near the middle of the density continuum could be declined through an "uncertainty" response. In the other task, making a "middle" response to the same stimuli was rewarded. In Experiment 1, capuchins essentially did not use the uncertainty response, but they did use the middle response. In Experiment 2, the authors replicated this result with 5 of 6 monkeys while equating the overall pace and reinforcement structure of the 2 tasks, although 1 monkey also showed appropriate use of the uncertainty response. These results challenge a purely associative interpretation of some uncertainty-monitoring performances by monkeys while sharpening the theoretical question concerning the nature of the psychological signal that occasions uncertainty responses.
引用
收藏
页码:371 / 381
页数:11
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