Self-Bound Quantum Droplets of Atomic Mixtures in Free Space

被引:433
作者
Semeghini, G. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Ferioli, G. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Masi, L. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Mazzinghi, C. [1 ,2 ]
Wolswijk, L. [1 ,2 ]
Minardi, F. [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Modugno, M. [5 ,6 ]
Modugno, G. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Inguscio, M. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Fattori, M. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Firenze, LENS, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
[2] Univ Firenze, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
[3] CNR, Ist Nazl Ott, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
[4] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy
[5] Univ Basque Country, UPV EHU, Dept Fis Teor & Hist Ciencia, Bilbao 48080, Spain
[6] Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao 48011, Spain
基金
欧洲研究理事会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词
HELIUM NANODROPLETS; BOSE; LIQUID; SYSTEM;
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.235301
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
Self-bound quantum droplets are a newly discovered phase in the context of ultracold atoms. In this Letter, we report their experimental realization following the original proposal by Petrov [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 155302 (2015)], using an attractive bosonic mixture. In this system, spherical droplets form due to the balance of competing attractive and repulsive forces, provided by the mean-field energy close to the collapse threshold and the first-order correction due to quantum fluctuations. Thanks to an optical levitating potential with negligible residual confinement, we observe self-bound droplets in free space, and we characterize the conditions for their formation as well as their size and composition. This work sets the stage for future studies on quantum droplets, from the measurement of their peculiar excitation spectrum to the exploration of their superfluid nature.
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页数:5
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