Study on wind farms in the North Sea area

Green energy is the key to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and thus helping to combat climate change. Modern wind turbines have been implemented all over the world and represent a significant alternative for the elimination of fossil fuels or other methods of obtaining energy. Europe plays an important role in the offshore wind energy sector, with wind farms installed in 11 countries, of which the mainstay is the North Sea. The North Sea is home to the world's largest offshore wind farm, completed in 2020, with a capacity of 1218 MW of 174 turbines. This study presents an overview of the wind farms deployed in the North Sea, the types of turbines, and the types of structures for turbines. Based on the characteristics of the North Sea, the classification society's rules for the environmental conditions that these structures must comply with were also investigated. (C) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.