The spread and effect of HIV-1 infection in sub-Saharan Africa

被引:172
作者
Buvé, A [1 ]
Bishikwabo-Nsarhaza, K
Mutangadura, G
机构
[1] Inst Trop Med, Dept Microbiol, STD HIV Res & Intervent Unit, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium
[2] UNAIDS, Country & Reg Support Dept, Geneva, Switzerland
关键词
D O I
10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08823-2
中图分类号
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要
Africa is the continent most severely affected by the global HIV-1 epidemic, with east and southern Africa in general more severely affected than west and central Africa. Differences in the spread of the epidemic can be accounted for by a complex interplay of sexual behaviour and biological factors that affect the probability of HIV-1 transmission per sex act. Sexual behaviour patterns are determined by cultural and socioeconomic contexts. In sub-Saharan Africa, some traditions and socioeconomic developments have contributed to the extensive spread of HIV-1 infection, including the subordinate position of women, impoverishment and decline of social services, rapid urbanisation and modernisation, and wars and conflicts. Populations in many parts of Africa are becoming trapped in a vicious circle as the HIV-1 epidemic leads to high mortality rates in young and economically productive age groups, and thus leads to further impoverishment. Interventions to control HIV-1 should not only target individuals, but also aim to change those aspects of cultural and socioeconomic context that increase the vulnerability to HIV-1 of people and communities.
引用
收藏
页码:2011 / 2017
页数:7
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