Study on the Changes of EEG Signal and Driving Behavior Based on the Driving Simulator

In this paper, five participants take part in the driving simulator experiment. The simulated urban road is not interrupted, and the drivers' electroencephalogram (EEG) data, driving simulator data, and experimental video data are recorded synchronously. We put vehicles that change lanes randomly in the experimental scene to simulate the real situation, thus to get the changes in brain activity and the driving behavior. The power spectrum density and the energy of each frequency band of EEG signal are extracted by using the fast Fourier transform (FFT). The result indicates that (1) the beta wave has obvious advantages, when the driver faces a suddenly lane change in the front vehicle during continuous driving; the driver focuses on the front vehicle, and responds quickly to the events. (2) the female drivers are generally more stable than male drivers, but the response to environmental change is slower than that of the male drivers. (3) the drivers' first reaction when facing the suddenly lane change is to press the brake pedal and then steer off.