Movement Disorders and Deep Brain Stimulation in the Middle East

BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a well-established neuromodulation therapy for advanced Parkinson disease, essential tremor and dystonia. In as much as this therapy is being developed in the Middle East, a better understanding of the incidence and prevalence of movement disorders, health care, and social framework is required for the region. METHODS: We reviewed current literature on the incidence and prevalence of various movement disorders in the Middle East amenable to DBS surgery. We also assessed recent efforts to develop DBS in the region. RESULTS: Available data on incidence and prevalence of movement disorders in the Middle East are old, inconclusive, and conflicting. We identify key areas such as cultural background, availability of accessible information, training, infrastructure, and public support groups in the region that may pose challenges. CONCLUSIONS: The Middle East is projected to be a growing market for neuromodulation. The available data on incidence and prevalence of movement disorders is from studies that were small, partial, and old, with inconsistent results, highlighting the need for newer, better-designed, and larger studies. DBS in the Middle East will need assessment of incidence and prevalence of movement disorders, existing challenges to its application, and focused efforts on key opportunities to foster development of DBS for this underserved region. This article is an attempt to identify and explore these challenges and propose solutions in anticipation.