Approaches for drawing causal inferences from epidemiological birth cohorts: A review

被引:108
作者
Richmond, Rebecca C. [1 ]
Al-Amin, Aleef [2 ]
Smith, George Davey [1 ]
Relton, Caroline L. [1 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bristol, Sch Social & Community Med, Integrat Epidemiol Unit, Bristol, Avon, England
[2] Univ Bristol, Sch Med, Bristol, Avon, England
[3] Newcastle Univ, Inst Med Genet, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England
基金
英国生物技术与生命科学研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会; 英国惠康基金; 英国医学研究理事会;
关键词
Birth cohort; Causal inference; Consortia; DOHaD; Epidemiology; Epigenetics; Life course; Metabolomics; Omics; PROMOTING LONGER-TERM; FETAL OVERNUTRITION HYPOTHESIS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; FOLIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTS; BODY-MASS INDEX; AGE; 11.5; YEARS; MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION; DNA METHYLATION; DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS; BLOOD-PRESSURE;
D O I
10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2014.08.023
中图分类号
R71 [妇产科学];
学科分类号
100211 ;
摘要
Large-scale population-based birth cohorts, which recruit women during pregnancy or at birth and follow up their offspring through infancy and into childhood and adolescence, provide the opportunity to monitor and model early life exposures in relation to developmental characteristics and later life outcomes. However, due to confounding and other limitations, identification of causal risk factors has proved challenging and published findings are often not reproducible. A suite of methods has been developed in recent years to minimise problems afflicting observational epidemiology, to strengthen causal inference and to provide greater insights into modifiable intra-uterine and early life risk factors. The aim of this review is to describe these causal inference methods and to suggest how they may be applied in the context of birth cohorts and extended along with the development of birth cohort consortia and expansion of "omic" technologies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:769 / 780
页数:12
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