Lipoxygenase (LOX) in Sweet and Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits during Ripening and under an Enriched Nitric Oxide (NO) Gas Atmosphere

被引:10
作者
Gonzalez-Gordo, Salvador [1 ]
Canas, Amanda [1 ]
Munoz-Vargas, Maria A. [1 ]
Palma, Jose M. [1 ]
Corpas, Francisco J. [1 ]
机构
[1] CSIC, Grp Antioxidants Free Rad & Nitr Oxide Biotechnol, Dept Stress Dev & Signaling Plants, Estn Expt Zaidin, Prof Albareda 1, E-18008 Granada 1, Spain
关键词
capsaicin; isoenzymes; genes; lipoxygenase; nitric oxide; pepper; ripening; GENE FAMILY; EXPRESSION; ETHYLENE; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; CAPSAICIN; DEHYDROGENASE; METABOLISM; RESPONSES; ISOZYMES;
D O I
10.3390/ijms232315211
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Lipoxygenases (LOXs) catalyze the insertion of molecular oxygen into polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) such as linoleic and linolenic acids, being the first step in the biosynthesis of a large group of biologically active fatty acid (FA)-derived metabolites collectively named oxylipins. LOXs are involved in multiple functions such as the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) and volatile molecules related to the aroma and flavor production of plant tissues, among others. Using sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants as a model, LOX activity was assayed by non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and specific in-gel activity staining. Thus, we identified a total of seven LOX isozymes (I to VII) distributed among the main plant organs (roots, stems, leaves, and fruits). Furthermore, we studied the FA profile and the LOX isozyme pattern in pepper fruits including a sweet variety (Melchor) and three autochthonous Spanish varieties that have different pungency levels (Piquillo, Padron, and Alegria riojana). It was observed that the number of LOX isozymes increased as the capsaicin content increased in the fruits. On the other hand, a total of eight CaLOX genes were identified in sweet pepper fruits, and their expression was differentially regulated during ripening and by the treatment with nitric oxide (NO) gas. Finally, a deeper analysis of the LOX IV isoenzyme activity in the presence of nitrosocysteine (CysNO, a NO donor) suggests a regulatory mechanism via S-nitrosation. In summary, our data indicate that the different LOX isozymes are differentially regulated by the capsaicin content, fruit ripening, and NO.
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页数:15
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