An excess of small-scale gravitational lenses observed in galaxy clusters

被引：121

作者：

Meneghetti, Massimo ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Davoli, Guido ^{[1
,4
]}

Bergamini, Pietro ^{[1
]}

Rosati, Piero ^{[1
,5
]}

Natarajan, Priyamvada ^{[6
]}

Giocoli, Carlo ^{[1
,5
,7
]}

Caminha, Gabriel B. ^{[8
]}

Metcalf, R. Benton ^{[7
]}

Rasia, Elena ^{[9
,10
]}

Borgani, Stefano ^{[9
,10
,11
,12
]}

Calura, Francesco ^{[1
]}

Grillo, Claudio ^{[13
,14
]}

Mercurio, Amata ^{[15
]}

Vanzella, Eros ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astrofis & Sci Spazio Bologna, Via Gobetti 93-3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[2] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[3] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[4] Ctr Euromediterraneo Cambiamenti Climat CMCC, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[5] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis & Sci Terra, Via Saragat 1, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy

[6] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, 52 Hillhouse Ave,Steinbach Hall, New Haven, CT 06511 USA

[7] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Via Gobetti 93-2, I-40129 Bologna, Italy

[8] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, Postbus 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands

[9] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

[10] Inst Fundamental Phys Universe, Via Beirut 2, I-34014 Trieste, Italy

[11] Univ Trieste, Dept Phys, Via Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy

[12] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, Via Valerio 2, I-34127 Trieste, Italy

[13] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, Via Celoria 16, I-20133 Milan, Italy

[14] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Lyngbyvej 2,4 Sal, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark

[15] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astronomico Capodimonte, Salita Moiariello 16, I-80131 Naples, Italy

来源：

SCIENCE | 2020年 / 369卷 / 6509期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;

关键词：

HUBBLE-FRONTIER-FIELDS; DARK-MATTER SUBSTRUCTURE; STRONG-LENSING ANALYSIS; 2-DIMENSIONAL KINEMATICS; DENSITY PROFILE; SLACS LENSES; AGN FEEDBACK; ACS SURVEY; MASS; SIMULATIONS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aax5164

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Cold dark matter (CDM) constitutes most of the matter in the Universe. The interplay between dark and luminous matter in dense cosmic environments, such as galaxy clusters, is studied theoretically using cosmological simulations. Observations of gravitational lensing are used to characterize the properties of substructures-the small-scale distribution of dark matter-in clusters. We derive a metric, the probability of strong lensing events produced by dark-matter substructure, and compute it for 11 galaxy clusters. The observed cluster substructures are more efficient lenses than predicted by CDM simulations, by more than an order of magnitude. We suggest that systematic issues with simulations or incorrect assumptions about the properties of dark matter could explain our results.

引用

页码：1347 / +

页数：49

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