Fluctuation symmetries for work and heat

被引:46
作者
Baiesi, Marco [1 ]
Jacobs, Tim [1 ]
Maes, Christian [1 ]
Skantzos, Nikos S. [1 ]
机构
[1] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Theoret Fys, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium
来源
PHYSICAL REVIEW E | 2006年 / 74卷 / 02期
关键词
D O I
10.1103/PhysRevE.74.021111
中图分类号
O35 [流体力学]; O53 [等离子体物理学];
学科分类号
070204 ; 080103 ; 080704 ;
摘要
We consider a particle dragged through a medium at constant temperature as described by a Langevin equation with a time-dependent potential. The time dependence is specified by an external protocol. We give conditions on potential and protocol under which the fluctuations of the dissipative work satisfy an exact symmetry for all times. We also present counterexamples to that fluctuation theorem when our conditions are not satisfied. Finally, we consider the dissipated heat, which differs from the work by a temporal boundary term. We explain why there is a correction to the standard fluctuation theorem due to the unboundedness of that temporal boundary. However, the corrected fluctuation relation has again a general validity.
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页数:9
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