Probabilistic dietary risk assessment of triazole and dithiocarbamate fungicides for the Brazilian population

被引:25
作者
Oliveira Jardim, Andreia Nunes [1 ]
Mello, Denise Carvalho [1 ]
Brito, Alessandra Page [1 ]
van der Voet, Hilko [2 ]
Boon, Polly E. [3 ]
Caldas, Eloisa Dutra [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Brasilia, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Toxicol Lab, Campus Darci Ribeiro, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
[2] WUR, Biometris, Wageningen, Netherlands
[3] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands
关键词
Cumulative acute and chronic dietary risk; assessment; triazoles; dithiocarbamates; MCRA; Brazil; PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; REPORTING UNCERTAINTIES; EXPOSURE ANALYSIS; FOOD; CONSUMPTION; CONSUMERS;
D O I
10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.002
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Residue data for triazoles (TR) and dithiocarbamates (DT) in 30,786 samples of 30 foods were obtained from mainly two national monitoring programs, and consumption data from a national survey conducted among persons aged 10 years or older. About 16% of the samples contained TR, mainly grape (53.5%), and 16.2% contained DT, mainly apple (59.3%). Flusilazole was the index compound used for the acute effects of TR for women of child-bearing-age (cranium-facial malformation and skeletal variation), cyproconazole for the chronic effects of TR (hepatoxicity), and ethylene-bis-dithitiocarbamates (EBDC) for DT (thyroid toxicity). Exposures were estimated using the Monte Carlo Risk Assessment software. Different models were tested, and a Model-Then-Add approach was found to best estimate the chronic exposures to DT and TR. At the 99.9th percentile (P99.9), the cumulative acute TR intakes accounted for up to 0.5% of the flusilazole ARfD, mainly from beans and rice consumption. The chronic TR and DT intakes accounted for 1 and 6.7% of the respective index compound ADIs, with beans and rice accounting for most of the TR intake (similar to 70%), and apple for about 51-56% of the DT intake. The estimated risks from the exposure to TR and DT indicate no health concern for the Brazilian population.
引用
收藏
页码:317 / 327
页数:11
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