Shapes of rotating superfluid helium nanodroplets

被引：27

作者：

Bernando, Charles ^{[1
]}

Tanyag, Rico Mayro P. ^{[2
]}

Jones, Curtis ^{[2
]}

Bacellar, Camila ^{[3
,4
]}

Bucher, Maximilian ^{[5
,12
]}

Ferguson, Ken R. ^{[5
,6
]}

Rupp, Daniela ^{[7
]}

Ziemkiewicz, Michael P. ^{[3
,4
,14
]}

Gomez, Luis F. ^{[2
,15
]}

Chatterley, Adam S. ^{[3
,16
]}

Gorkhover, Tais ^{[5
,7
]}

Muller, Maria ^{[7
]}

Bozek, John ^{[5
]}

Carron, Sebastian ^{[5
,17
]}

Kwok, Justin ^{[8
,18
]}

Butler, Samuel L. ^{[9
]}

Moller, Thomas ^{[7
]}

Bostedt, Christoph ^{[5
,10
,11
,12
,13
]}

Gessner, Oliver ^{[3
]}

Vilesov, Andrey F. ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

[2] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

[3] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[4] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[5] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, LCLS, Linac Coherent Light Source, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[6] Stanford Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

[7] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Opt & Atom Phys, Hardenbergstr 36, D-10623 Berlin, Germany

[8] USC, Mork Family Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA

[9] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada

[10] Stanford Univ, PULSE Inst, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[11] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[12] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 South Cass Ave B109, Lemont, IL 60439 USA

[13] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA

[14] Vescent Photon Inc, 14998 W 6th Ave, Golden, CO 80401 USA

[15] IPG Photon, 3930 Freedom Circle,Ste 130, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA

[16] Aarhus Univ, Dept Chem, Langelandsgade 140, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

[17] Calif Lutheran Univ, 60 Olsen Rd, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA

[18] Univ Illinois, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA

来源：

PHYSICAL REVIEW B | 2017年 / 95卷 / 06期

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

LIQUID-HELIUM; DROPS; CONFIGURATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; EQUILIBRIUM; STABILITY; TEKTITES; CLUSTER; HE-4;

D O I：

10.1103/PhysRevB.95.064510

中图分类号：

T [工业技术];

学科分类号：

08 ;

摘要：

Rotating superfluid He droplets of approximately 1 mu m in diameter were obtained in a free nozzle beam expansion of liquid He in vacuum and were studied by single-shot coherent diffractive imaging using an x-ray free electron laser. The formation of strongly deformed droplets is evidenced by large anisotropies and intensity anomalies (streaks) in the obtained diffraction images. The analysis of the images shows that in addition to previously described axially symmetric oblate shapes, some droplets exhibit prolate shapes. Forward modeling of the diffraction images indicates that the shapes of rotating superfluid droplets are very similar to their classical counterparts, giving direct access to the droplet angular momenta and angular velocities. The analyses of the radial intensity distribution and appearance statistics of the anisotropic images confirm the existence of oblate metastable superfluid droplets with large angular momenta beyond the classical bifurcation threshold.

引用

页数：14

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