Effect of the Duodenal-Jejunal Bypass Liner on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Obesity: A Meta-analysis With Secondary Analysis on Weight Loss and Hormonal Changes

OBJECTIVE Duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) is an endoscopic device that may mimic small bowel mechanisms of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of DJBL at inducing weight loss. We assessed the effect of DJBL on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data sources included MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science through 1 July 2017. Includedwere published studies that assessed DJBL outcomes in obese T2D patients. RESULTS Primary outcomes were change in HbA(1c) and HOMA of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Secondary outcomes were change in weight and gut hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and ghrelin. Seventeen studies were included. At explant, HbA(1c) decreased by 1.3%[95% CI 1.0, 1.6] and HOMA-IR decreased by 4.6 [2.9, 6.3]. Compared with control subjects, DJBL subjects had greater HbA(1c) reduction by 0.9% [0.5, 1.3]. Sixmonths after explant, HbA(1c) remained lower than baseline by 0.9% [0.6, 1.2]. At explant, patients lost 11.3 kg [10.3, 12.2], corresponding to a BMI reduction of 4.1 kg/m(2) [3.4, 4.9], total weight loss of 18.9% [7.2,30.6], and excess weight loss of 36.9% [29.2,44.6]. The amount of weight loss remained significant at 1 year post explantation. After DJBL, GIP decreased, whereas GLP-1, PYY, and ghrelin increased. CONCLUSIONS DJBL improves glycemic control and insulin resistance in T2D patients with obesity. DJBL also appears to induce significant weight loss in this population. Additionally, changes in gut hormones suggest mechanisms similar to RYGB. Study limitations included heterogeneity among studies.