Drying Kinetics, Biochemical and Functional Properties of Products in Convective Drying of Anchovy (Engraulis anchoita) Fillets

The aim of this work was to study the convective drying of anchovy (Engraulis anchoita) fillets and to evaluate the final product characteristics through its biochemical and functional properties. The drying temperatures were of 50, 60 and 70 degrees C, and the fillet samples were dried with the skins down (with air flow one or the two sides) and skins up (with air flow one side). The drying experimental data were analyzed by Henderson-Pabis model, which showed a good fit (R-2 > 0.99 and REQM < 0.05). The moisture effective diffusivity values ranged from 4.1 x 10(-10) to 8.6 x 10(-10) m(2) s(-1) with the skin down and 2.2 x 10(-10) to 5.5 x 10(-10) m(2) s(-1) with the skin up, and the activation energy values were 32.2 and 38.4 kJ mol(-1), respectively. The product characteristics were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by drying operation conditions. The lower change was in drying at 60 degrees C with air flow for two sides of the samples and skin up. In this condition, the product showed solubility 22.3%; in vitro digestibility 87.4%; contents of available lysine and methionine 7.21 and 2.64 g 100 g(-1), respectively; TBA value 1.16 mg(MDA) kg(-1); specific antioxidant activity was 1.91 mM(DPPH) g(-1) min(-1), and variation total color was 10.72.