The making of a Barr body: the mosaic of factors that eXIST on the mammalian inactive X chromosome

被引：21

作者：

Dixon-McDougall, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Brown, Carolyn ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada

来源：

BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY | 2016年 / 94卷 / 01期

关键词：

X-chromosome Inactivation (XCI); XIST; heterochromatin; gene silencing; epigenetics; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; LONG NONCODING RNAS; FACULTATIVE HETEROCHROMATIN FORMATION; REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2; HUMAN SOMATIC-CELLS; XIST RNA; DNA METHYLATION; HISTONE H3; DOSAGE COMPENSATION; SUPERRESOLUTION MICROSCOPY;

D O I：

10.1139/bcb-2015-0016

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

During X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), nearly an entire X chromosome is permanently silenced and converted into a Barr body, providing dosage compensation for eutherians between the sexes. XCI is facilitated by the upregulation of the long non-coding RNA gene, XIST, which coats its chromosome of origin, recruits heterochromatin factors, and silences gene expression. During XCI, at least two distinct types of heterochromatin are established, and in this review we discuss the enrichment of facultative heterochromatin marks such as H3K27me3, H2AK119ub, and macroH2A as well as pericentric heterochromatin marks such as HP1, H3K9me3, and H4K20me3. The extremely stable maintenance of silencing is a product of reinforcing interactions within and between these domains. This paper "Xplores" the current knowledge of the pathways involved in XCI, how the pathways interact, and the gaps in our understanding that need to be filled.

引用

页码：56 / 70

页数：15

共 144 条

[11] Mouse polycomb proteins bind differentially to methylated histone H3 and RNA and are enriched in facultative heterochromatin [J].

Bernstein, E ;

Duncan, EM ;

Masui, O ;

Gil, J ;

Heard, E ;

Allis, CD .

MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, 2006, 26 (07) :2560-2569

[12] Genetic and pharmacological reactivation of the mammalian inactive X chromosome [J].

Bhatnagar, Sanchita ;

Zhu, Xiaochun ;

Ou, Jianhong ;

Lin, Ling ;

Chamberlain, Lynn ;

Zhu, Lihua J. ;

Wajapeyee, Narendra ;

Green, Michael R. .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2014, 111 (35) :12591-12598

[13] On your histone mark, SET, methylate! [J].

Binda, Olivier .

EPIGENETICS, 2013, 8 (05) :457-463

[14] SmcHD1, containing a structural-maintenance-of-chromosomes hinge domain, has a critical role in X inactivation [J].

Blewitt, Marnie E. ;

Gendrel, Anne-Valerie ;

Pang, Zhenyi ;

Sparrow, Duncan B. ;

Whitelaw, Nadia ;

Craig, Jeffrey M. ;

Apedaile, Anwyn ;

Hilton, Douglas J. ;

Dunwoodie, Sally L. ;

Brockdorff, Neil ;

Kay, Graham F. ;

Whitelaw, Emma .

NATURE GENETICS, 2008, 40 (05) :663-669

[15] Histone modification patterns associated with the human X chromosome [J].

Brinkman, Arie B. ;

Roelofsen, Thijs ;

Pennings, Sebastiaan W. C. ;

Martens, Joost H. A. ;

Jenuwein, Thomas ;

Stunnenberg, Hendrik G. .

EMBO REPORTS, 2006, 7 (06) :628-634

[16] A GENE FROM THE REGION OF THE HUMAN X-INACTIVATION CENTER IS EXPRESSED EXCLUSIVELY FROM THE INACTIVE X-CHROMOSOME [J].

BROWN, CJ ;

BALLABIO, A ;

RUPERT, JL ;

LAFRENIERE, RG ;

GROMPE, M ;

TONLORENZI, R ;

WILLARD, HF .

NATURE, 1991, 349 (6304) :38-44

[17] Polycomblike 2 facilitates the recruitment of PRC2 Polycomb group complexes to the inactive X chromosome and to target loci in embryonic stem cells [J].

Casanova, Miguel ;

Preissner, Tanja ;

Cerase, Andrea ;

Poot, Raymond ;

Yamada, Daisuke ;

Li, Xiangzhi ;

Appanah, Ruth ;

Bezstarosti, Karel ;

Demmers, Jeroen ;

Koseki, Haruhiko ;

Brockdorff, Neil .

DEVELOPMENT, 2011, 138 (08) :1471-1482

[18] Histone acetylation controls the inactive X chromosome replication dynamics [J].

Casas-Delucchi, Corella S. ;

Brero, Alessandro ;

Rahn, Hans-Peter ;

Solovei, Irina ;

Wutz, Anton ;

Cremer, Thomas ;

Leonhardt, Heinrich ;

Cardoso, M. Cristina .

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 2011, 2

[19] Spatial separation of Xist RNA and polycomb proteins revealed by superresolution microscopy [J].

Cerase, Andrea ;

Smeets, Daniel ;

Tang, Y. Amy ;

Gdula, Michal ;

Kraus, Felix ;

Spivakov, Mikhail ;

Moindrot, Benoit ;

Leleu, Marion ;

Tattermusch, Anna ;

Demmerie, Justin ;

Nesterova, Tatyana B. ;

Green, Catherine ;

Otte, Arie P. ;

Schermelleh, Lothar ;

Brockdorff, Neil .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2014, 111 (06) :2235-2240

[20] Multiple spatially distinct types of facultative heterochromatin on the human inactive X chromosome [J].

Chadwick, BP ;

Willard, HF .

PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 2004, 101 (50) :17450-17455

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 →