Oncolytic viruses have gained much attention in recent years, due, not only to their ability to selectively replicate in and lyse tumor cells, but to their potential to stimulate antitumor immune responses directed against the tumor. Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), a negative-strand RNA virus, is under intense development as an oncolytic virus due to a variety of favorable properties, including its rapid replication kinetics, inherent tumor specificity, and its potential to elicit a broad range of immunomodulatory responses to break immune tolerance in the tumor microenvironment. Based on this powerful platform, a multitude of strategies have been applied to further improve the immune-stimulating potential of VSV and synergize these responses with the direct oncolytic effect. These strategies include: 1. modification of endogenous virus genes to stimulate interferon induction; 2. virus-mediated expression of cytokines or immune-stimulatory molecules to enhance anti-tumor immune responses; 3. vaccination approaches to stimulate adaptive immune responses against a tumor antigen; 4. combination with adoptive immune cell therapy for potentially synergistic therapeutic responses. A summary of these approaches will be presented in this review.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Altomonte, J.
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Wu, L.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Wu, L.
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Meseck, M.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Meseck, M.
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Chen, L.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Chen, L.
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Ebert, O.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Ebert, O.
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Garcia-Sastre, A.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Garcia-Sastre, A.
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Fallon, J.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Fallon, J.
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Mandeli, J.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Mandeli, J.
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Woo, S. L. C.
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Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Altomonte, J.
;
Wu, L.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Wu, L.
;
Meseck, M.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Meseck, M.
;
Chen, L.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Chen, L.
;
Ebert, O.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Ebert, O.
;
Garcia-Sastre, A.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Garcia-Sastre, A.
;
Fallon, J.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Fallon, J.
;
Mandeli, J.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA
Mandeli, J.
;
Woo, S. L. C.
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h-index: 0
机构:
Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USAMt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Gene & Cell Med, New York, NY 10029 USA