Iodine Status and Thyroid Function in a Group of Seaweed Consumers in Norway

被引:30
作者
Aakre, Inger [1 ]
Tveito Evensen, Lidunn [1 ,2 ]
Kjellevold, Marian [3 ]
Dahl, Lisbeth [1 ]
Henjum, Sigrun [4 ]
Alexander, Jan [5 ]
Madsen, Lise [1 ,6 ]
Markhus, Maria Wik [1 ]
机构
[1] Inst Marine Res, Dept Seafood & Nutr, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway
[2] Univ Bergen, Fac Med, Dept Clin Sci, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway
[3] Inst Marine Res, Dept Contaminants & Biohazards, NO-5817 Bergen, Norway
[4] Oslo Metropolitan Univ OsloMet, Dept Nursing & Hlth Promot, NO-0130 Oslo, Norway
[5] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Div Infect Control Environm & Hlth, NO-0213 Oslo, Norway
[6] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark
关键词
iodine; seaweed; urinary iodine status; thyroid function; iodine excess; food and nutrition security; new marine resources; EDIBLE SEAWEEDS; SERUM TSH; HYPOTHYROIDISM; WOMEN; FOOD; DYSFUNCTION; INGESTION; NUTRITION; HEALTH;
D O I
10.3390/nu12113483
中图分类号
R15 [营养卫生、食品卫生]; TS201 [基础科学];
学科分类号
100403 ;
摘要
Seaweeds, or macroalgae, may be a good dietary iodine source but also a source of excessive iodine intake. The main aim in this study was to describe the iodine status and thyroid function in a group of macroalgae consumers. Two urine samples were collected from each participant (n = 44) to measure urinary iodine concentration (UIC) after habitual consumption of seaweed. Serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (fT(4)), free triiodothyronine (fT(3)), and peroxidase autoantibody (TPOAb), were measured in a subgroup (n = 19). A food frequency questionnaire and an iodine-specific 24 h recall were used to assess iodine intake and macroalgae consumption. The median (p25-p75) UIC was 1200 (370-2850) mu g/L. Median (p25-p75) estimated dietary iodine intake, excluding macroalgae, was 110 (78-680) mu g/day, indicating that seaweed was the major contributor to the iodine intake. TSH levels were within the reference values, but higher than in other comparable population groups. One third of the participants used seaweeds daily, and sugar kelp, winged kelp, dulse and laver were the most common species. Labelling of iodine content was lacking for a large share of the products consumed. This study found excessive iodine status in macroalgae consumers after intake of dietary seaweeds. Including macroalgae in the diet may give excessive iodine exposure, and consumers should be made aware of the risk associated with inclusion of macroalgae in their diet.
引用
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页码:1 / 14
页数:14
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