Galactomannan Produced by Aspergillus fumigatus: An Update on the Structure, Biosynthesis and Biological Functions of an Emblematic Fungal Biomarker

被引：38
作者：
Fontaine, Thierry [1 ]
Latge, Jean-Paul [2 ,3 ]
机构：
[1] Inst Pasteur, Unite Biol & Pathogenicite Fong, 25 Rue Docteur Roux, F-75015 Paris, France
[2] Univ Crete Heraklion, Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol FORTH, Iraklion 71003, Greece
[3] Univ Crete Heraklion, Sch Med, Iraklion 71003, Greece
来源：
JOURNAL OF FUNGI | 2020年 / 6卷 / 04期
关键词：
galactomannan; Aspergillus fumigatus; cell wall; galactofuranose; glycosyltransferase; polarized growth; immune response; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL MEMBRANE ANCHORS; UDP-GALACTOPYRANOSE MUTASE; CELL-WALL; DENDRITIC CELLS; BINDING LECTIN; MANNOSYLTRANSFERASE FAMILIES; PENICILLIUM-CHARLESII; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GALACTOFURANOSE; PROTEINS;
D O I：
10.3390/jof6040283
中图分类号：
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号：
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要：
The galactomannan (GM) that is produced by the human fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus is an emblematic biomarker in medical mycology. The GM is composed of two monosaccharides: mannose and galactofuranose. The furanic configuration of galactose residues, absent in mammals, is responsible for the antigenicity of the GM and has favoured the development of ELISA tests to diagnose aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The GM that is produced by A. fumigatus is a unique fungal polysaccharide containing a tetramannoside repeat unit and having three different forms: (i) membrane bound through a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor, (ii) covalently linked to beta-1,3-glucans in the cell wall, or (iii) released in the culture medium as a free polymer. Recent studies have revealed the crucial role of the GM during vegetative and polarized fungal growth. This review highlights these recent data on its biosynthetic pathway and its biological functions during the saprophytic and pathogenic life of this opportunistic human fungal pathogen.
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页码：1 / 17
页数：17
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