The effect of physical activity on spatial perception and attention in early childhood

This study examined whether physical activity improves spatial perception and attention in early childhood. A pre-post intervention trials design with intervention and control groups was implemented. Participants were 123 kindergarten children, divided into three groups: experimental orienteering, experimental dance, and control no intervention. Instrumentations: attention measured by the MOXO-CPT, a computerized test, and The Cognitive Modifiability Battery Reproduction of Patterns measured spatial abilities. Measurements were conducted pre- and post-interventions. Results showed fast improvement from pre- to post-intervention, achieved simultaneously in both EFs for the experimental groups only. No differences were found between boys and girls. It was concluded that in order to successfully achieve the required tasks, an integration of physical and cognitive skills is needed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.