Tertiary and quaternary recycling of thermoplastics by additive manufacturing approach for thermal sustainability

The low recyclability of the thermoplastic-based materials is still one of the most challenging issues to restrict environmental pollution. When the thermoplastics based materials are gathered in the form of the waste, and these declared as not to use further in any applications, then it processed through the chemical and thermal recycling for reuse and energy generation. The ternary and quaternary type of recycling processes are among the four basic recycling processes, which is considered under the chemical and thermal recycling process, respectively. The additive manufacturing is one of the revolutionary tools of a modern manufacturing system that can be used for recycling by chemical and thermal mean. This study is the state of art review for the additive manufacturing tools and techniques for the ternary and quaternary recycling of the thermoplastic waste. The thermal sustainability of the additively manufactured thermoplastic-based materials is the main highlights of this study. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.