Novel opportunities for wildlife conservation and research with real-time monitoring

被引:74
作者
Wall, Jake [1 ,2 ]
Wittemyer, George [2 ,3 ]
Klinkenberg, Brian [1 ]
Douglas-Hamilton, Iain [2 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Lab Adv Spatial Anal, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada
[2] Save Elephants, Nairobi 00200, Kenya
[3] Colorado State Univ, Wittemyer Lab, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA
[4] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
African elephants; Loxodonta africana; environmental monitoring; geofencing; geographic information systems; GIS; global positioning system; GPS; immobility; real-time monitoring; telemetry; wildlife monitoring; MOVEMENT; SPACE; SELECTION; MIGRATION; ELEPHANT; TRACKING; BEHAVIOR; MODELS;
D O I
10.1890/13-1971.1
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
The expansion of global communication networks and advances in animal-tracking technology make possible the real-time telemetry of positional data as recorded by animal-attached tracking units. When combined with continuous, algorithm-based analytical capability, unique opportunities emerge for applied ecological monitoring and wildlife conservation. We present here four broad approaches for algorithmic wildlife monitoring in real time-proximity, geofencing, movement rate, and immobility-designed to examine aspects of wildlife spatial activity and behavior not possible with conventional tracking systems. Application of these four routines to the real-time monitoring of 94 African elephants was made. We also provide details of our cloud-based monitoring system including infrastructure, data collection, and customized software for continuous tracking data analysis. We also highlight future directions of real-time collection and analysis of biological, physiological, and environmental information from wildlife to encourage further development of needed algorithms and monitoring technology. Real-time processing of remotely collected, animal biospatial data promises to open novel directions in ecological research, applied species monitoring, conservation programs, and public outreach and education.
引用
收藏
页码:593 / 601
页数:9
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