Sentiment Analysis and Text Mining of Questionnaires to Support Telemonitoring Programs

While several studies have shown how telemedicine and, in particular, home telemonitoring programs lead to an improvement in the patient's quality of life, a reduction in hospitalizations, and lower healthcare costs, different variables may affect telemonitoring effectiveness and purposes. In the present paper, an integrated software system, based on Sentiment Analysis and Text Mining, to deliver, collect, and analyze questionnaire responses in telemonitoring programs is presented. The system was designed to be a complement to home telemonitoring programs with the objective of investigating the paired relationship between opinions and the adherence scores of patients and their changes through time. The novel contributions of the system are: (i) the design and software prototype for the management of online questionnaires over time; and (ii) an analysis pipeline that leverages a sentiment polarity score by using it as a numerical feature for the integration and the evaluation of open-ended questions in clinical questionnaires. The software pipeline was initially validated with a case-study application to discuss the plausibility of the existence of a directed relationship between a score representing the opinion polarity of patients about telemedicine, and their adherence score, which measures how well patients follow the telehomecare program. In this case-study, 169 online surveys sent by 38 patients enrolled in a home telemonitoring program provided by the Cystic Fibrosis Unit at the "Bambino Gesu" Children's Hospital in Rome, Italy, were collected and analyzed. The experimental results show that, under a Granger-causality perspective, a predictive relationship may exist between the considered variables. If supported, these preliminary results may have many possible implications of practical relevance, for instance the early detection of poor adherence in patients to enable the application of personalized and targeted actions.