Comparison of Amyloid Plaque Contrast Generated by T2-Weighted, T2☆-Weighted, and Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging Methods in Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease

One of the hallmark pathologies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is amyloid plaque deposition. Plaques appear hypointense on T(2)-weighted and T(2)(star)-weighted MR images probably due to the presence of endogenous iron, but no quantitative comparison of various imaging techniques has been reported. We estimate the T(1), T(2), T(2)(star), and proton density values of cortical plaques an normal cortical tissue and analyzed the plaque contrast generated by a collection of T(2)-weighted, T(2)(star)-weighted, and susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) methods in ex vivo transgenic mouse specimens. The proton density and T(1), values were similar for both cortical plaques and normal cortical tissue. The T(2) and T(2)(star) values were similar in cortical plaques, which indicate that the iron content of cortical plaques may not be as large a previously thought. Ex vivo plaque contrast was increase compared to a previously reported spin-echo sequence by summing multiple echoes and by performing SWI; however gradient echo and SWI were found to be impractical for in vivo imaging due to susceptibility interface-related signal loss in the cortex. Magn Reson Med 61:1158-1164, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.