Supercapacitors in Motion: Autonomous Microswimmers for Natural-Resource Recovery

被引:18
作者
Beladi-Mousavi, Seyyed Mohsen [1 ]
Khezri, Bahareh [1 ]
Matejkova, Stanislava [2 ]
Sofer, Zdenek [1 ]
Pumera, Martin [1 ,3 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Univ Chem & Technol, Ctr Adv Funct Nanorobots, Dept Inorgan Chem, Tech 5, Prague, Czech Republic
[2] CAS, Inst Organ Chem & Biochem, Flemingovo Nam 542-2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
[3] Yonsei Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 50 Yonsei Ro, Seoul 03722, South Korea
[4] Brno Univ Technol, Cent European Inst Technol, Future Energy & Innovat Lab, Purkynova 656-123, Brno 61600, Czech Republic
关键词
bismuth; environmental remediation; graphite; lithium purification; micromotors; MICROMOTORS; MICROMACHINES; GRAPHENE; REMOVAL; CAPTURE;
D O I
10.1002/anie.201906642
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
An electroadsorption technique similar to the ultrafast charging mechanism in supercapacitors is utilized to remove metals with different sizes and hydrophilicities from contaminated water using self-propelled microswimmers. The swimmers carry graphite fibre or bismuth with a layered crystal structure providing high electrostatic double-layer capacitances. Unlike previous methods, this electrochemical technique does not only utilize the surface of the swimmers, but due to the interlayer spacing of the graphite and bismuth, it is able to store metals in approximate to 400 layers, allowing removal and recovery of >50 ppm lithium in only 5 min. A larger interlayer distance between bismuth sheets allows the removal of bigger cations (sodium and calcium), expanding the application of this method to a large variety of natural elements. Finally, magnetic navigation of charged swimmers to an oxygen-saturated media causes oxidation and thus immediate release of the metal ions from the swimmers.
引用
收藏
页码:13340 / 13344
页数:5
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