A fractal interpretation of size-scale effects on strength, friction and fracture energy of faults

Experimental results indicate that large faults involved ill earthquakes possess low strength, low friction coefficient and high fracture energy, in comparison with data obtained according to small scale laboratory tests oil the same material. The reasons for such all unexpected anomalous behaviour have been the subject of several researches ill the past and are still under debate in the Scientific Community. In this note, we propose a unifying interpretation of these size-scale effects according to fractal geometry, which represents the proper mathematical framework for the analysis of the multi-scale properties of rough surfaces in contact, This contribution sheds a new light oil the non-linear properties of friction and oil the understanding the fundamental physics governing the scaling of the mechanical properties ill geophysics from the laboratory to a planetary scale. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.