Computational modelling of thermophysical processes in the light metals industry

This survey focuses on the aluminium industry, mostly on process aspects as opposed to metallurgical aspects. It covers recent work on process models involving fluid flow and heat transfer, and extends to all important categories of processes encountered in the primary aluminium industry, from raw materials and reduction to cast shop and recycling. This includes a wide variety of processes from precipitators, calciners, rotary kilns, baking furnaces, reduction cells, casting and mixing furnaces to recycling furnaces and metal filtration. A review is carried out on the modelling work, the applications, and the needs expressed not only in analysis and design but also in process control, optimization and supervision, as well as operator training. A summary is given of the problems perceived, mainly in the field of model parameters and model validation. Indications on future trends are also given. Conclusions are drawn from the survey of this fast-expanding body of knowledge that suggests tough challenges as well as unprecedented opportunities. Suggestions are made as to how some of those challenges could be met.