Elevated temperature increases carbon and nitrogen fluxes between phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria through physical attachment

被引:64
作者
Arandia-Gorostidi, Nestor [1 ]
Weber, Peter K. [2 ]
Alonso-Saez, Laura [1 ,3 ]
Moran, Xose Anxelu G. [1 ,4 ]
Mayali, Xavier [2 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Ctr Oceanog Gijon Xixon, Inst Espanol Oceanog, Gijon Xixon, Asturias, Spain
[2] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nucl & Chem Sci Div, Livermore, CA USA
[3] AZTI, Sukarrieta, Bizkaia, Spain
[4] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Red Sea Res Ctr, Biol & Environm Sci & Engn Div, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
[5] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA
关键词
PHOTOTROPHIC PICOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; MEDITERRANEAN-SEA; GROWTH EFFICIENCY; AMMONIUM UPTAKE; ORGANIC-MATTER; MIXED-LAYER; FOOD-WEB; MARINE; LEUCINE;
D O I
10.1038/ismej.2016.156
中图分类号
Q14 [生态学(生物生态学)];
学科分类号
071012 ; 0713 ;
摘要
Quantifying the contribution of marine microorganisms to carbon and nitrogen cycles and their response to predicted ocean warming is one of the main challenges of microbial oceanography. Here we present a single-cell NanoSIMS isotope analysis to quantify C and N uptake by free-living and attached phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria, and their response to short-term experimental warming of 4 degrees C. Elevated temperature increased total C fixation by over 50%, a small but significant fraction of which was transferred to heterotrophs within 12 h. Cell-to-cell attachment doubled the secondary C uptake by heterotrophic bacteria and increased secondary N incorporation by autotrophs by 68%. Warming also increased the abundance of phytoplankton with attached heterotrophs by 80%, and promoted C transfer from phytoplankton to bacteria by 17% and N transfer from bacteria to phytoplankton by 50%. Our results indicate that phytoplankton-bacteria attachment provides an ecological advantage for nutrient incorporation, suggesting a mutualistic relationship that appears to be enhanced by temperature increases.
引用
收藏
页码:641 / 650
页数:10
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