Liquid-metal electrode to enable ultra-low temperature sodium-beta alumina batteries for renewable energy storage

被引：149

作者：

Lu, Xiaochuan ^{[1
]}

Li, Guosheng ^{[1
]}

Kim, Jin Y. ^{[1
]}

Mei, Donghai ^{[2
]}

Lemmon, John P. ^{[1
]}

Sprenkle, Vincent L. ^{[1
]}

Liu, Jun ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Energy & Environm Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA

[2] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Fundamental & Computat Sci Directorate, Richland, WA 99352 USA

来源：

NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 2014年 / 5卷

关键词：

RESISTANCE RISE; ION BATTERIES; DYNAMICS; PERFORMANCE; EXCHANGE;

D O I：

10.1038/ncomms5578

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Commercial sodium-sulphur or sodium-metal halide batteries typically need an operating temperature of 300-350 degrees C, and one of the reasons is poor wettability of liquid sodium on the surface of beta alumina. Here we report an alloying strategy that can markedly improve the wetting, which allows the batteries to be operated at much lower temperatures. Our combined experimental and computational studies suggest that addition of caesium to sodium can markedly enhance the wettability. Single cells with Na-Cs alloy anodes exhibit great improvement in cycling life over those with pure sodium anodes at 175 and 150 degrees C. The cells show good performance even at as low as 95 degrees C. These results demonstrate that sodium-beta alumina batteries can be operated at much lower temperatures with successfully solving the wetting issue. This work also suggests a strategy to use liquid metals in advanced batteries that can avoid the intrinsic safety issues associated with dendrite formation.

引用

页数：8

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