Recently, the position sensitive proportional counter (PSPC) has been becoming popular as a detector for X-ray stress measurement. However, little information is available in the literature regarding the effects of specimen mis-setting and/or collimator misalignment on the stress measurement. Many factors such as the stress and the X-ray diffraction broadening of the specimen, the X-ray focus size, the dimensions of the collimator, the PSPC and the goniometer are complicatedly related to the effects of specimen mis-setting and/or collimator misalignment. In this paper, a modeling of the X-ray stress measurement using a PSPC as the detector is presented enabling us to simulate the stress measurement under various conditions. In the case of Omega assembly, the errors in stress measurement are illuminated under specimen mis-setting and/or collimator misalignment.