Neandertal roots: Cranial and chronological evidence from Sima de los Huesos

被引：340

作者：

Arsuaga, J. L. ^{[1
,2
]}

Martinez, I. ^{[1
,3
]}

Arnold, L. J. ^{[4
,5
,6
]}

Aranburu, A. ^{[7
]}

Gracia-Tellez, A. ^{[1
,3
]}

Sharp, W. D. ^{[8
]}

Quam, R. M. ^{[1
,9
,10
]}

Falgueres, C. ^{[11
]}

Pantoja-Perez, A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Bischoff, J. ^{[12
]}

Poza-Rey, E. ^{[1
,2
]}

Pares, J. M. ^{[4
]}

Carretero, J. M. ^{[13
]}

Demuro, M. ^{[4
,14
]}

Lorenzo, C. ^{[1
,15
,16
]}

Sala, N. ^{[1
]}

Martinon-Torres, M. ^{[4
]}

Garcia, N. ^{[1
,2
]}

Alcazar de Velasco, A. ^{[1
]}

Cuenca-Bescos, G. ^{[17
,18
]}

Gomez-Olivencia, A. ^{[1
,19
]}

Moreno, D. ^{[11
,13
]}

Pablos, A. ^{[1
,4
,13
]}

Shen, C. -C. ^{[20
]}

Rodriguez, L. ^{[13
]}

Ortega, A. I. ^{[4
]}

Garcia, R. ^{[13
]}

Bonmati, A. ^{[1
,2
]}

Bermudez de Castro, J. M. ^{[4
]}

Carbonell, E. ^{[15
,16
,21
]}

机构：

[1] Ctr Mixto UCM ISCIII Evoluc & Comportamiento Huma, Madrid, Spain

[2] Univ Complutense Madrid, Dept Paleontol, Fac Ciencias Geol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain

[3] Univ Alcala, Area Paleontol, Dept Geol Geog & Medio Ambiente, Madrid, Spain

[4] Ctr Nacl Invest Evoluc Humana Burgo, Burgos, Spain

[5] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[6] Univ Adelaide, IPAS, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[7] Univ Basque Country, Dept Mineral & Petrol, Fac Ciencia & Tecnol, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain

[8] Berkeley Geochronol Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA

[9] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Anthropol, Binghamton, NY USA

[10] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Anthropol, New York, NY 10024 USA

[11] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Prehist, F-75231 Paris, France

[12] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA

[13] Univ Burgos, Lab Evoluc Humana, Dept Ciencias Hist & Geog, Burgos, Spain

[14] Univ Adelaide, IPAS, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia

[15] URV, Area Prehist, Dept Hist & Hist Art, Tarragona, Spain

[16] Inst Catal Paleoecol Humana & Evolucio Social, Tarragona, Spain

[17] Univ Zaragoza, Aragosaurus IUCA, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain

[18] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Ciencias, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain

[19] Div Biol Anthropol, PAVE Res Grp, Cambridge, England

[20] Natl Taiwan Univ, High Precis Mass Spectrometry & Environm Change L, Dept Geosci, Taipei, Taiwan

[21] Inst Vertebrate Paleontol & Paleoanthropol Beijin, Beijing, Peoples R China

来源：

SCIENCE | 2014年 / 344卷 / 6190期

关键词：

MIDDLE-PLEISTOCENE SITE; SIERRA-DE-ATAPUERCA; MORPHOMETRIC-ANALYSIS; DENTAL REMAINS; HOMO; HOMINIDS; AGE; EVOLUTION; (SIERRA; SPAIN);

D O I：

10.1126/science.1253958

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Seventeen Middle Pleistocene crania from the Sima de los Huesos site (Atapuerca, Spain) are analyzed, including seven new specimens. This sample makes it possible to thoroughly characterize a Middle Pleistocene hominin paleodeme and to address hypotheses about the origin and evolution of the Neandertals. Using a variety of techniques, the hominin-bearing layer could be reassigned to a period around 430,000 years ago. The sample shows a consistent morphological pattern with derived Neandertal features present in the face and anterior vault, many of which are related to the masticatory apparatus. This suggests that facial modification was the first step in the evolution of the Neandertal lineage, pointing to a mosaic pattern of evolution, with different anatomical and functional modules evolving at different rates.

引用

页码：1358 / 1363

页数：6

共 51 条

[1]

Andrews P., 1984, Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg, V69, P167

[2] A revised burial dose estimation procedure for optical dating of young and modern-age sediments [J].