Association of APOA5 rs662799 and rs3135506 polymorphisms with arterial hypertension in Moroccan patients

Background: The goal of the study is to investigate the association between the APOA5 polymorphisms and haplotypes with Arterial Hypertension (AHT) in Moroccan patients. Methods: The study was performed in 283 subjects, 149 patients with AHT and 134 controls. All subjects were genotyped for the APOA5 -1131 T > C (rs662799), 56C > G (rs3135506) and c. 553G > T (rs2075291) polymorphisms. Results: There was a strong association between -1131 T > C and 56C > G polymorphisms with AHT. The -1131 T > C and 56C > G polymorphisms were significantly associated with increased systolic blood pressure (SBP) and triglycerides (TG) levels. There were 4 haplotypes with a frequency higher than 5%, constructed from APOA5 polymorphisms, with the following order: -1131 T > C, 56C > G and c. 553G > T. Haplotype H1 (TCG) was associated with decreased risk of AHT, whereas the haplotypes H2 (CCG) and H4 (CGG) were significantly associated with an increased risk of AHT. Carriers of H1 haplotype had a lower SBP and DBP and TG. In contrast, significant elevated SBP, DBP and TG were found in H4 haplotypes carriers. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate for the first time that several common SNPs in the APOA5 gene and their haplotypes are closely associated with modifications of blood pressure and serum lipid parameters in the AHT patient.