Characteristics of Onefold Clocks of GPS, Galileo, BeiDou and GLONASS Systems

被引：20
作者：
Ai, Qingsong [1 ,2 ]
Maciuk, Kamil [3 ]
Lewinska, Paulina [4 ,5 ]
Borowski, Lukasz [6 ]
机构：
[1] Innovat Acad Precis Measurement Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan 430071, Peoples R China
[2] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
[3] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Integrated Geodesy & Cartog, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland
[4] AGH Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Engn Surveying & Civil Engn, PL-30059 Krakow, Poland
[5] Univ York, Dept Comp Sci, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England
[6] Lublin Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Architecture, Dept Geotech Engn, PL-20618 Lublin, Poland
来源：
SENSORS | 2021年 / 21卷 / 07期
关键词：
BeiDou; clock; clock analysis; Galileo; GLONASS; GNSS; GPS; NOISE; ORBIT; QUALITY;
D O I：
10.3390/s21072396
中图分类号：
O65 [分析化学];
学科分类号：
070302 ; 081704 ;
摘要：
This research is focused on searching for frequency and noise characteristics for available GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems). The authors illustrated frequency stability and noise characteristics for a selected set of data from four different GNSS systems. For this purpose, 30-s-interval clock corrections were used for the GPS weeks 1982-2034 (the entirety of 2018). Firstly, phase data (raw clock corrections) were preprocessed for shifts and removal of outliers; GLONASS and GPS satellites characterize a smaller number of outliers than BeiDou and Galileo clock products. Secondly, frequency and Hadamard deviation were calculated. This study concludes that the stability of GPS and Galileo is better than that of BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) and GLONASS. Regarding noise, the GPS, Galileo, and BDS clocks are affected by the random walk modulation noise (RWFM), flashing frequency modulation noise (FFM), and white frequency modulation noise (WFM), whereas the GLONASS clocks are mainly affected only by WFM.
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页数：10
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