Key changes in denervated muscles and their impact on regeneration and reinnervation

被引:69
作者
Wu, Peng [1 ,2 ,7 ]
Chawla, Aditya [1 ,8 ]
Spinner, Robert J. [1 ]
Yu, Cong [2 ]
Yaszemski, Michael J. [3 ,4 ]
Windebank, Anthony J. [5 ]
Wang, Huan [1 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol Surg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
[2] Fudan Univ, Huashan Hosp, Dept Hand Surg, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China
[3] Mayo Clin, Dept Orthoped Surg, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
[4] Mayo Clin, Dept Biomed Engn, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
[5] Mayo Clin, Dept Neurol, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
[6] Shanghai Key Lab Peripheral Nerve & Microsurg, Shanghai 310003, Peoples R China
[7] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, Affiliated Hosp 2, Dept Orthoped Surg, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China
[8] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Orthoped Surg, Winston Salem, NC USA
关键词
nerve regeneration; denervation; reinnervation; fibrillation potential; muscle fiber conduction velocity; muscle fiber diameter; maximal isometric force; neuromuscular junction; gene expression; neural regeneration; FIBER CONDUCTION-VELOCITY; FIBRILLATION POTENTIAL AMPLITUDE; NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; DELAYED NERVE REPAIR; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CONTRACTILE PROPERTIES; FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY; PERIPHERAL-NERVE; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION;
D O I
10.4103/1673-5374.143424
中图分类号
Q2 [细胞生物学];
学科分类号
071009 ; 090102 ;
摘要
The neuromuscular junction becomes progressively less receptive to regenerating axons if nerve repair is delayed for a long period of time. It is difficult to ascertain the denervated muscle's residual receptivity by time alone. Other sensitive markers that closely correlate with the extent of denervation should be found. After a denervated muscle develops a fibrillation potential, muscle fiber conduction velocity, muscle fiber diameter, muscle wet weight, and maximal isometric force all decrease; remodeling increases neuromuscular junction fragmentation and plantar area, and expression of myogenesis-related genes is initially up-regulated and then down-regulated. All these changes correlate with both the time course and degree of denervation. The nature and time course of these denervation changes in muscle are reviewed from the literature to explore their roles in assessing both the degree of detrimental changes and the potential success of a nerve repair. Fibrillation potential amplitude, muscle fiber conduction velocity, muscle fiber diameter, mRNA expression levels of myogenic regulatory factors and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor could all reflect the severity and length of denervation and the receptiveness of denervated muscle to regenerating axons, which could possibly offer an important clue for surgical choices and predict the outcomes of delayed nerve repair.
引用
收藏
页码:1796 / 1809
页数:14
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