Prevention of high altitude illness

被引：49

作者：

Zafren, Ken ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

机构：

[1] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Div Emergency Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA

[3] Himalayan Rescue Assoc, Kathmandu, Nepal

来源：

TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE | 2014年 / 12卷 / 01期

关键词：

High altitude; Acclimatization; Acute mountain sickness; High altitude cerebral edema; High altitude pulmonary edema; ACUTE MOUNTAIN-SICKNESS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; ARTERIAL OXYGEN-SATURATION; PULMONARY-EDEMA; GINKGO-BILOBA; DOUBLE-BLIND; RAPID ASCENT; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; VENTILATORY RESPONSE; NORMOBARIC HYPOXIA;

D O I：

10.1016/j.tmaid.2013.12.002

中图分类号：

R1 [预防医学、卫生学];

学科分类号：

1004 ; 120402 ;

摘要：

High altitude illness Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE) and High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) can be prevented or limited in severity by gradual ascent and by pharmacologic methods. The decision whether to use pharmacologic prophylaxis depends on the ascent rate and an individual's previous history of altitude illness. This review discusses risk stratification to determine whether to use pharmacologic prophylaxis and recommends specific drugs, especially acetazolamide, dexamethasone and nifedipine. This review also evaluates non-recommended drugs. In addition, this review suggests non-pharmacologic methods of decreasing the risk of severe altitude illness. There are also brief sections on how to decrease steep disturbance at high attitude, travel to high altitude for patients with pre-existing illness and advice for travelers ascending to high altitude. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

引用

页码：29 / 39

页数：11

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