Human Optimal Functioning: The Genetics of Positive Orientation Towards Self, Life, and the Future

被引:154
作者
Caprara, Gian Vittorio [1 ]
Fagnani, Corrado [2 ]
Alessandri, Guido [1 ]
Steca, Patrizia [3 ]
Gigantesco, Antonella [2 ]
Sforza, Luigi Luca Cavalli [4 ]
Stazi, Maria Antonietta [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Psychol, I-00185 Rome, Italy
[2] Ist Super Sanita, I-00161 Rome, Italy
[3] Univ Milano Bicocca, Milan, Italy
[4] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
关键词
Positive orientation; Self-esteem; Life satisfaction; Optimism; Twins; Heritability; ESTEEM; TWIN; SATISFACTION; HAPPINESS; ANXIETY; PERSONALITY; STABILITY; HEALTH;
D O I
10.1007/s10519-009-9267-y
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
Certain personality characteristics such as self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism are fundamental components of positive mental health status and well-being. There is consistent evidence that these traits tend to be substantially correlated in individuals. However, no previous studies have investigated the origin of such correlation. This research used the twin method to unravel the genetic and environmental architecture of self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism, along with their mutual interplay. The sample was derived from the population-based Italian Twin Register, and included 428 twin pairs, aged 23-24 years. Multivariate genetic modeling showed that genes influencing self-esteem, life satisfaction, and optimism are largely overlapping. Furthermore, results indicated that the environmental components of the traits may overlap only modestly, and suggested that a sizeable amount of variance in the traits may be explained by environmental effects specific to each of them.
引用
收藏
页码:277 / 284
页数:8
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