Aldosterone Biosynthesis: Genetic Control and Contribution to the Development of Arterial Hypertension

Data on the contribution of gene polymorphism of proteins and enzymes of aldosterone metabolism to arterial hypertension are considered. On the basis of the analysis of scientific papers (eLIBRARY.RU, PubMed) and open databases (NCBI, GeneCard, QIAGEN, and related resources), the current status of ideas about the aldosterone metabolism genes (STAR, CYP11A1, HSD3B1, CYP21A2, CYP11B1, CYP11B2, UGT2B7), their expression, polymorphism, and the effect of the genetic variability on the encoded product was assessed. The role of the balance of aldosterone precursors in the regulation of blood pressure and the mutual influence of mineralocorticoids during aldosterone biogenesis on the final product of the reaction were analyzed. The main discussions on the studied issue were noted.