The NuSTAR Serendipitous Survey: The 40-month Catalog and the Properties of the Distant High-energy X-Ray Source Population

被引：28

作者：

Lansbury, G. B. ^{[1
,2
]}

Stern, D. ^{[3
]}

Aird, J. ^{[1
,2
]}

Alexander, D. M. ^{[1
]}

Fuentes, C. ^{[4
]}

Harrison, F. A. ^{[5
]}

Treister, E. ^{[4
,6
]}

Bauer, F. E. ^{[6
,7
,8
]}

Tomsick, J. A. ^{[9
]}

Balokovic, M. ^{[5
]}

Del Moro, A. ^{[1
,10
]}

Gandhi, P. ^{[1
,11
]}

Ajello, M. ^{[12
]}

Annuar, A. ^{[1
]}

Ballantyne, D. R. ^{[13
]}

Boggs, S. E. ^{[9
]}

Brandt, W. N. ^{[14
,15
,16
]}

Brightman, M. ^{[5
]}

Chen, C. -T. J. ^{[14
]}

Christensen, F. E. ^{[17
]}

Civano, F. ^{[18
,19
]}

Comastri, A. ^{[20
]}

Craig, W. W. ^{[17
,21
]}

Forster, K. ^{[5
]}

Grefenstette, B. W. ^{[5
]}

Hailey, C. J. ^{[22
]}

Hickox, R. C. ^{[23
]}

Jiang, B. ^{[5
]}

Jun, H. D. ^{[3
]}

Koss, M. ^{[24
]}

Marchesi, S. ^{[12
]}

Melo, A. D. ^{[4
]}

Mullaney, J. R. ^{[25
]}

Noirot, G. ^{[3
,26
]}

Schulze, S. ^{[6
,7
]}

Walton, D. J. ^{[3
,5
]}

Zappacosta, L. ^{[27
]}

Zhang, W. W. ^{[28
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Durham, Ctr Extragalact Astron, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England

[2] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England

[3] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,Mail Stop 169-221, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA

[4] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astronom, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile

[5] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, 1216 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[6] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, 306, Santiago 22, Chile

[7] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Vicu Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile

[8] Space Sci Inst, 4750 Walnut St,Suite 205, Boulder, CO 80301 USA

[9] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, 7 Gauss Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[10] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, Postfach 1312, D-85741 Garching, Germany

[11] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England

[12] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA

[13] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA

[14] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[15] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[16] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[17] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark

[18] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA

[19] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[20] INAF Osservatorio Astronomico Bologna, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy

[21] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA

[22] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 550 W 120th St, Columbia, NY 10027 USA

[23] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 6127 Wilder Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA

[24] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Astron, Dept Phys, Wolfgang Pauli Str 27, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland

[25] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Hounsfield Rd, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England

[26] Univ Paris Diderot Paris VII, Univ Paris Sorbonne Cite PSC, F-75205 Paris 13, France

[27] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy

[28] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2017年 / 836卷 / 01期

基金：

美国国家航空航天局; 英国科学技术设施理事会;

关键词：

catalogs; galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: general; surveys; Xrays: general Supporting material: figure sets; machine-readable tables; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MEDIUM-SENSITIVITY SURVEY; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; AREA SURVEY HELLAS; SWIFT-BAT SURVEY; OPTICAL-IDENTIFICATION; MIDINFRARED SELECTION; EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEYS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/836/1/99

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

We present the first full catalog and science results for the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) serendipitous survey. The catalog incorporates data taken during the first 40 months of NuSTAR operation, which provide approximate to 20 Ms of effective exposure time over 331 fields, with an areal coverage of 13 deg2, and 497 sources detected in total over the 324 keV energy range. There are 276 sources with spectroscopic redshifts and classifications, largely resulting from our extensive campaign of ground-based spectroscopic follow-up. We characterize the overall sample in terms of the X-ray, optical, and infrared source properties. The sample is primarily composed of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), detected over a large range in redshift from z = 0.002 to 3.4 (median of < Z > = 0.56), but also includes 16 spectroscopically confirmed Galactic sources. There is a large range in X-ray flux, from log(L10-40 (keV)/erg s(-1) cm(-2)) approximate to-14 to -11, and in rest-frame 1040 keV luminosity, from log(L10-40 (keV)/erg s(-1)) approximate to 39 to 46, with a median of 44.1. Approximately 79% of the NuSTAR sources have lower-energy (<10 keV) X-ray counterparts from XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Swift XRT. The mid-infrared (MIR) analysis, using WISE all-sky survey data, shows that MIR AGN color selections miss a large fraction of the NuSTAR-selected AGN population, from (similar to)15% at the highest luminosities (L-X >10(44) erg s(-1)) to approximate to 80% at the lowest luminosities (L-X <10(43) erg s(-1)). Our optical spectroscopic analysis finds that the observed fraction of optically obscured AGNs (i.e., the type 2 fraction) is F-TYPE (2) =53(-15)(+14)% , for a well-defined subset of the 824 keV selected sample. This is higher, albeit at a low significance level, than the type 2 fraction measured for redshift- and luminosity-matched AGNs selected by <10 keV X-ray missions.

引用

页数：30

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