Modulation of Neuroinflammation in the Central Nervous System: Role of Chemokines and Sphingolipids

被引：45

作者：

Gualtierotti, Roberta ^{[1
]}

Guarnaccia, Laura ^{[2
]}

Beretta, Matteo ^{[2
]}

Navone, Stefania E. ^{[2
]}

Campanella, Rolando ^{[2
]}

Riboni, Laura ^{[3
]}

Rampini, Paolo ^{[2
]}

Marfia, Giovanni ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Milan, Div Rheumatol, Lupus Clin, ASST G Pini, Milan, Italy

[2] Univ Milan, Neurosurg Unit, Lab Expt Neurosurg & Cell Therapy, Osped Maggiore Policlin,Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda, Milan, Italy

[3] Univ Milan, Dept Med Biotechnol & Translat Med, LITA Segrate, Milan, Italy

来源：

ADVANCES IN THERAPY | 2017年 / 34卷 / 02期

关键词：

Alzheimer; Chemokines; Multiple sclerosis; Neuroinflammation; Parkinson; Sphingolipids; Systemic lupus erythematosus; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR 1; PARKINSONS-DISEASE PATHOGENESIS; SPORADIC ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS LESIONS; MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; OPTICA SPECTRUM DISORDER; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; ADULT-RAT BRAIN;

D O I：

10.1007/s12325-016-0474-7

中图分类号：

R-3 [医学研究方法]; R3 [基础医学];

学科分类号：

1001 ;

摘要：

Neuroinflammation is a process involved in the pathogenesis of different disorders, both autoimmune, such as neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus, and degenerative, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In the central nervous system, the local milieu is tightly regulated by different mediators, among which are chemoattractant cytokines, also known as chemokines. These small molecules are able to modulate trafficking of immune cells in the course of nervous system development or in response to tissue damage, and different patterns of chemokine molecule and receptor expression have been described in several neuroinflammatory disorders. In recent years, a number of studies have highlighted a pivotal role of sphingolipids in regulating neuroinflammation. Sphingolipids have different functions, among which are the control of leukocyte egress from lymphonodes into inflamed tissues, the expression of various mediators of inflammation and a direct effect on the cells of the central nervous system as regulators of neuroinflammation. In the future, a better knowledge of these two groups of mediators could provide insight into the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory disorders and could help develop novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies.

引用

页码：396 / 420

页数：25