Structural transformations of interstratified illite-smectites from Dolna Ves hydrothermal deposits: Dynamics and mechanisms

Structural transformations of illite-smectite samples of hydrothermal genesis with increasing contents of illite layers were studied by X-ray powder diffraction. The samples were K-saturated and subjected to wetting and drying cycles to increase three-dimensional structural ordering. Diffraction profiles were analyzed with the help of a specially devised computer program based on the approximation of individual diffraction reflections by ''bell-shaped'' functions, with minimization of the differences between experimental and simulated profiles. The data indicate that the transformations of these illite-smectite samples were accompanied not only by variations in the proportion of illite and smectite layers and in the pattern of their alternation, but also by a change in structure within 2:1 layers.