Reactive oxygen species-induced activation of the MAP kinase signaling pathways

An abundance of scientific literature exists demonstrating that oxidative stress influences the MAPK signaling pathways. This review summarizes these findings for the ERK, JNK, p38, and BMK1 pathways. For each of these different MAPK signaling pathways, the following is reviewed: the proteins involved in the signaling pathways, how oxidative stress can activate cellular signaling via these pathways, the types of oxidative stress that are known to induce activation of the different pathways, and the specific cell types in which oxidants induce MAPK responses. In addition, the functional outcome of oxidative stress-induced activation of these pathways is discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with an overall understanding and appreciation of oxidative stress-induced MAPK signaling.