Optimal Heat Transfer Criterion and Inclination Angle Effects on Non-boiling Regime Spray Cooling

Based on the maximum CHF (critical heat flux) criterion, an optimal heat transfer criterion, which is called H criterion, was proposed. Experimental apparatuses were conducted. Distilled water was used as the working fluid. Three different DANFOSS nozzles with cone angles being 54 degrees, 50 degrees and 54 degrees respectively were used to cool a 30x30mm(2) square copper surface. Experimental results indicated that the volumetric fluxes were proportioned to P-0.5, where P is the pressure drop across the nozzles. The optimal distance between the nozzles and the heated surface were derived. The results indicated that the optimal heat transfer appeared while the outside of the impellent thin spray film inscribed in the square heated surface. Based on the H criterion aforementioned, two DANFOSS nozzles of the three were used to study the temperature distribution of the heated surface experimentally while there were spray inclination angles. Distilled water was also used impacting on the 30x30mm(2) square copper surface aforementioned and a circular heated copper surface with diameters being 30mm respectively. The heat flux of the surface was kept in constant (about 26-35 W/cm(2)). The inclination angles were 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees and 50 degrees respectively. Experimental results indicated that the grads of the temperature of the surface increases first and then decreases with the increase of the inclination angle.