Refining of Diesel and Ship Fuels by Extraction and Combined Methods. Part 1. Use of Ionic Liquids as Extractants

Modern and perspective environmental requirements to the quality of diesel and ship fuels are considered. Data on the selectivity and solvency of ionic liquids with respect to aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds, obtained using gas-chromatographic data on the limiting activity coefficients of model mixture components in ionic liquids, are discussed. Experimental data on the liquid-liquid phase equilibrium in model systems consisting of a saturated hydrocarbon, an aromatic sulfur- or nitrogen-containing compound, and an ionic liquid and on the component distribution ratios and separation factors are presented. The advantages and drawbacks of ionic liquids as extractants in selective refining of diesel fractions and vacuum gasoils to obtain raffinates meeting perspective environmental requirements to diesel and ship fuels are considered.