Comparison of Complex Versus Contrast Training on Steroid Hormones and Sports Performance in Male Soccer Players

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a complex versus a contrast training regimen with steroid hormones and the performance of soccer players. Methods: Thirty-six professional male soccer players were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: complex training (n = 12; body mass index [BMI], 22.95 +/- 1.76 kg/m(2)), contrast training (n = 12; BMI, 22.05 +/- 2.03 kg/m(2)), and control (n = 12; BMI, 22.27 +/- 1.44 kg/m(2)). Players from the complex and contrast groups were trained for 6 weeks (3 d/wk). The complex group performed 4 different exercises, each composed of strength (80% of 1 repetition maximum [RM]) and power components alternately. The contrast group performed the same strengthening exercises alternately at different intensities (40% and 80% of 1 RM). All players were tested for free testosterone, cortisol, vertical jump, 20-m sprint, and agility T-test at the baseline and after 6 weeks of training. Results: A 3 x 2 mixed analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in time effect (P <= .05), whereas a nonsignificant difference was found in the group effect for all outcome variables. group x time interaction was significant in all the variables (P < .01) except cortisol (P = .28). Conclusion: Complex training showed greater improvement in physical performance and free testosterone concentration compared with contrast training, whereas both types of training decreased cortisol concentration in a similar fashion.