URINARY TRACT INFECTION IN GESTATION: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are characterized by the growth and proliferation of bacteria that can cause lesions of varying degrees. These infections can be classified according to their anatomical location and injury, such as: asymptomatic bacteriuria, cystitis and pyelonephritis. UTI is one of the most common infectious pathologies during pregnancy, and the reasons for it are a fundamental complication of the gestational period, worsening the maternal and perinatal prognosis. The objective of this article is to describe the ways of diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections in pregnant women. This is a systematic study, carried out through a review of the literature between the years 2006 to 2018. The diagnosis is performed clinically, since the patient may present with polaciuria, supra-pubic pain, dysuria and turbid urine. Along with the clinical examination it can be supplemented by laboratory tests such as, uroculture and partial examination of urine. For an effective treatment it is necessary to determine the bacterium causing the infection, to select the antibiotic to be used. The most commonly used drugs are: Cephalosporins, Ampicillins and Nitrofurantoins. Therefore, for the reduction and control of cases of UTI, it is incumbent upon all health staff included, to inform about the collection of urine, to request early prenatal examinations for diagnoses and to treat cases of UTI, and to determine the most appropriate antimicrobial treatment and effective, thus avoiding damage to pregnant women and the fetus.