Hiding Information in the DNA Sequence Using DNA Steganographic Algorithms with Double-Layered Security

Due to the rapid growth of the internet, data can now be stored digitally and exchanged easily by people. While sharing the data through the internet, the attackers can easily access the data. This may cause data privacy issues. Steganography is a kind of information security that makes it possible to hide secret information in a variety of formats like images, text, audio, video, networks, and DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Here, DNA steganography is used to protect secret data from intruders. In this paper, three different algorithms of DNA steganography are introduced. The algorithms are an RSA-based insertion algorithm, a complementary algorithm using the addition/subtraction rule, a combination of insertion and substitution method with XOR operation. Cracking probability, payload, capacity, and BPN are calculated to check the performance of the proposed algorithms. As a result, this paper concludes that the proposed techniques yield better results than existing algorithms and have a low cracking probability, in addition to providing double-layered security to the information.